research paper marriage tradition - 1355 Words

(Susana) Wai Ha Fok EN114 Marriage Traditions: Vast difference There is a huge difference between Chinese and western culture in marriage traditions. Due to the different background of religions, histories, also the evolution of thought and custom, meanings behind the marriage and wedding routines are vary. Chinas traditional idea of marriage is believed in â€Å"accommodate to the harmonious† philosophy (I Ching: Book of Changes, Fu Xi). It is not only a deal between two people but also related to their families and social relationship. On the other hand, Americans believes that marriage is gift from God and means that couples are combined in one. However, no matter in what the culture, a wedding is always full of blessing and†¦show more content†¦There is also a common phenomenon that couples from these two countries will have much more pressure than before getting marry during the preparation because they may be worried about the preparation and whole routine, such as, budget of the whole marriage, guest list, date s of wedding etc.    Based on the difference of culture background, China and America celebrate their wedding in unique ways. Before getting married, Chinese couples have to give a formal visit to each other’s parents in order to get the permission of marriage. Next, they will discuss to choose the best day from the Chinese lunar calendar that is symbol as goodness to get marriage. It is very important in Chinese culture because it means couples would have a smooth life and good luck after the wedding. However, there are no limitations on the exact day for a wedding in the US. Couples can get married whenever they prefer. They often have an engagement before wedding. In the US the day the couples get engaged is often a special surprise for the girl that the groom-to-be plans with great care. One of the biggest differences between China and the USA is the format of wedding. In China are three letters and six etiquettes need to be followed in traditional wedding. However, people in tense to simplify them to match up the trending of society. In todays main processes, bridegroom and bestShow MoreRelatedResearch Proposal : Evolution Of Wedding Ceremony729 Words   |  3 PagesResearch Proposal: Evolution of wedding ceremony in Dhaka Date: October 11, 2017 To: Ms. Nasrin Pervin From: M. Alif Ur Rahman, ID#141 012 0042, ENG 105, Sec: 25 Subject: Proposal to conduct a research project on the evolution of wedding ceremonies in Dhaka INTRODUCTION A Bengali wedding is a mixture of unique tradition, culture and rituals. In our culture wedlock is not just a sacred union of two individuals, but the bonding of two families as well. In Dhaka, we are rooted deep in traditionsRead MoreMarriage, Family, And Religion1687 Words   |  7 Pages Marriage, Family, and Religion Omar De La Garza Texas AM International University Abstract The institutions of marriage and family are fundamental concepts to the functioning of our present day society. In this paper, marriage and family and their changes over time will be discussed. Topics such as religion, which plays an important role is the development and changes of ideas regarding these two topics will be approached as well as the social changes due to tradition and theRead MoreEssay about Is Marriage a Pricey Affair in Africa?543 Words   |  3 Pages Mahr, Labolla (Dowry) is liable tradition known as the stimulus for marriage in South Africa and among Muslims. Different tribes in Africa also charge bride price. In ancient times the groom’s family would plough land for years before the actual ritual of the wedding. It retained cultural traditions and created economic feasibility among families and tribes but however, Is this issue of dowry causing more damage than creating harmony? Is the question. As in ancient times, the bride money was calculatedRead MoreMarriage Practices And Beliefs Have Changed Tremendously1738 Words   |  7 PagesToday, marriage practices and beliefs have changed tremendously. Many years ago, the traditional marriage would have been between a man and a woman. But what is tradition now a days? So much has changed from back then and now. When it comes to marriage, all cultures have their own rituals and beliefs, and respect and honor those beliefs. Marriage is defiantly viewed differently depending on where you live and differs all over the entire world. In this research paper you will hear about marriageRead MoreTradition And Culture, We Now Pronounce You Man And Wife1608 Words   |  7 PagesDiamond Brown Professor Hampton English 2230 September 21, 2015 Tradition and Culture, We Now Pronounce You Man and Wife What is the purpose of marriage? Do we marry for love? Do we marry for benefits? Is it necessary? Or is it just simply a tradition that we follow because that is what we have been taught through our culture to do? Considering the divorce rate, it’s shocking how many people still get married. Marriage is the institution whereby two individuals are joined together in a consensualRead MoreThe Religious Views Of Women s Right1019 Words   |  5 Pagestopic? Islam is in favor of women’s right or against it? This paper intends to explore and analyze women’s rights in Islamic concept and tries to provide evidence that Islam is actually protecting women’s rights in general. In this paper, religious texts such as Islamic laws and the Qur’an, specific Islamic situations or traditions that are related to women’s rights would be analyzed. Islam will been compared with other religion’s traditions, for example, Buddhism, upon this topic as well. MeanwhileRead MoreA comparison of Marriage Practices Between American and Indian Culture963 Words   |  4 PagesMarriage practices vary across cultures. Every culture has its own way of conducting marriage according to their traditions and customs. Most cultures share common customs and practices, while some cultures have unique practices. Marriage refers to a social union agreed upon by the couples to unit as spouses. The union of couples implies sexual relations, permanence in union, and procreation. This research paper focuses on comparing marriage practices in American and Indian culture. There is significantRead MoreThe Role Of Economic Development As Measured Through Levels1485 Words   |  6 Pagesthird-world countries.There are various implications that change the level of inequality such as education, culture, religion, democratization of countries, years of independence, and most importantly, economic development. (Dollar Gatti, 1999). This paper is examining the rol e economic development as measured through levels GDP (low, medium, high) plays in the level of gender empowerment in a country. After reading various studies, I have concluded that when regarding â€Å"gender empowerment† it is specificRead MoreChanging Family Patterns And Family Life Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitions of family. The definition of family, being defined as those adopted, those blood related, related by marriage, or by similar traditions and values, changes from century to century and person to person. The family is defined as a group of people who are very close emotionally to each other, often having lived together for a long time and have shared values and traditions, but also a group consisting of parents and children living together in a household, which is designed to be suitableRead MoreIdentity Formation and Assimilation of Ashima and Gogol in the United States1292 Words   |  6 Pagesthroughout the book. The degree of assimilations determines to what extent the characters have formed the new identity in the new culture. Forming the bond with the traditions plays a vital role in the process of identity formation. In The Namesake, Ashima is the kind of person who creates an atmosphere in which continuity of traditions and values can be preserved as Chowdhury argues in her article, â€Å"[Immigrants] create close relationships with other immigrants and form a bond similar to the bond between

Finland Provides Healthcare And Financial Protection Essay

Finland provides healthcare and financial protection to all of its citizens. Universal access to health services for all residents has been a fundamental principle in the Finnish health policy for several decades. Equity in access to adequate health and medical services is guaranteed to all residents in the Constitution. The stated goals of Finnish health policy are equal distribution of health and diminishing health differences between socioeconomic and other population groups. The objectives include levelling health care costs, equal access to health services, use of services according to need, and provision of high quality services for all. Finland has a highly diversified health care system. The first, municipal health care, is operated by municipalities that are responsible for arranging public health care and social services for their residents. The second, private health care, as the name suggests is private health care providers mainly focusing on out-patient services. Howeve r, there are also a few private hospitals in Finland. Private health services can be purchased directly by individuals but also employers and more rarely, but increasingly, municipalities purchase health services from private providers. The third, occupational health care, is a product of legislation that says employers are obliged to provide free preventive occupational health care for their employees. These health services can come from private health care, municipal health care, or otherShow MoreRelatedPaper1149 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction An important social welfare demand is the establishment of efficient healthcare services to accommodate the demands of living in the modern era. Differences in socioeconomic status and existing health care policies contribute to the variation in care quality. Mosadeghrad (2014) noted that factors affecting health care quality can be evaluated using Donabedian measurement to assess technical quality, interpersonal quality, and amenities. Thomas (2014) stated that eliminating health careRead MorePack the Bags for Sweden1134 Words   |  5 PagesPack the bags for Sweden Nestled in the northern part of Europe, between Norway and Finland, is a country filled with great opportunities for all to benefit. Sweden’s wonderful landscape and breathtaking views are all but the tip of the iceberg of why moving there would be so incredible. The many reasons to live over there include their educational system and healthcare options that give assistance to anyone that needs it. Not to mention being one of the richest countries in the world and usingRead MoreCollege Education : Should Be Free1749 Words   |  7 Pages out of the states students can also still get money to help offset all cost (Smith Preston, 2003). Around the world, lots of places are now giving access to students to a free college education, places, or countries like Norway Germany, Finland, Sweden, and Austria, but in the United States there are still some ways in how college students can get and go for free education. Normally they are free for the student who gets a scholarship that are offered to. At Ozarks College, there are aboutRead MoreAmerica s Current Health Care System1830 Words   |  8 Pagesbecause countries such as France, Germany, Japan and Finland, with comparable standards of living to ours, spend roughly half what the United States spends annually on health care per citizen, while covering everyone and achieving better results. (Conason, 2009) The United States healthcare financial systems are severely flawed - affecting the overall cost control, services, and care made accessible to its clients. The rising costs in healthcare are reaching new highs, and with rising costs, thereRead MoreA Better Map Of Europe9798 Words   |  40 PagesChristine, need a better map of Europe EUROPE Europe is the 6th largest continent and is actually a vast peninsula of the great Eurasian land mass. Regions Europe can be divided into seven geographic regions: Scandinavia (Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Denmark); the British Isles (the United Kingdom and Ireland); W Europe (France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Monaco); S Europe (Portugal, Spain, Andorra, Italy, Malta, San Marino, and Vatican City); Central Europe (Germany, SwitzerlandRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Aca ) And The Electronic Health Record ( Ehr ).therefore2356 Words   |  10 PagesExecutive Summary Healthcare has undergone an unprecedented level of change over the past decade and this change ongoing due to various driving forces. These include changing demographics, increased competition, and growing number of ageing population, new technologies, ever rising costs, and a limited federal government role. The most important driving factor in this new era of the U.S healthcare is the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and the Electronic Health Record (EHR).Therefore, forecasting, theRead MoreAmeric The Land Of The Free1879 Words   |  8 Pagesis the American citizen’s opportunity to fight. It is his opportunity to fight for himself and his fellow citizens, to fight for justice, to fight for equality, to fight for deliverance from poverty. Now is the time for the American to demand protection from guns and to require that government support the family in poverty. The American politicians must learn to open their arms to those in need. Many politicians have joined the race for president, but they must have the qualifications and theRead MoreFuture Information Security Trends17051 Words   |  69 PagesVTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ossi Kuittinen Sitra Executive Summary This report presents the major findings of the research project Kasi – Future Information Security Trends (Kasi – tulevaisuuden tietoturvatrendit) conducted by Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT and VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland. The project is a part of Tekes Safety and Security Research Program (Tekesin Turvallisuus-ohjelma) and its purpose is to provide rigorous and systematic foreseeingRead MoreCritically Evaluate the Roles of the Main Eu Institutions (Council, Commission and Parliament) in the Management of the Continuing Economic/Financial Crisis4568 Words   |  19 PagesINTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT â€Å"Critically evaluate the roles of the main EU institutions (Council, Commission and Parliament) in the management of the continuing economic/financial crisis† Submitted By:ARMAAN 1753597 Table of Content Methodology3 1. INTRODUCTION4 2.EUROPEAN UNION INSTITUTIONS5 3.The European institutions / bodies and their functions6 4.EUROZONE7 4.1 EUROZONE CRISIS7 4.2Probable causes of Crisis7 4.3 Impact of Crisis8 4.4Countries Affected9 4.5Current Situation9 Read MoreAn Overview of Multinational Companies4189 Words   |  17 Pagesestablish a foreign production subsidiary or license the technology to a foreign firm. Licensing: Licensing is usually first experience (because it is easy) e.g.: Kentucky Fried Chicken in the U.K. Licensing does not require any capital expenditure Financial risk is zero. royalty payment = a fixed % of sales Problem: the parent firm cannot exercise any managerial control over the licensee (it is independent) The licensee may transfer industrial secrets to other independent firms, thereby creating rivals

Sexual Deviation as Conditioned Behavior †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sexual Deviation as Conditioned Behavior. Answer: Introduction Pedophilia definition is; a persistent interest sexually in prepubescent children. It is manifested in fantasies, thoughts, sexual arousal, urges or sexual behavior (World Health Organization, 1997: American Psychiatric Association, 2000). It is the most common paraphilia discussed in the clinical areas and in research literature concerning forensic. In pedophilia the strongest form is in which the pedophilic individual has a strong interest sexually for those children who have no secondary sexual developments and also in mature adults. There is a case of pedophilia individuals who are sexually attracted to infants (Greenberg, Bradford Curry, 2003). In another category others are interested with pubescent children (Blanchard Barbaree, 2005 pp. 511-526). It has not yet been known the above represents different paraphilias or variants of pedophilia. In most cases people think that pedophilia and sexual offences against children are the same. Most individuals use the two interchangeably. The two are not synonymous. Some pedophilias are known to have never offended a child sexually and most sexual offenders to children are not pedophilias (Seto, Cantor Blanchard, 2006; Seto Lalumiere, 2005). Being pedophilia is not illegal whereas an adult who has sexual contact to prepubescent child is illegal. It is an offence to the law. The laws varies from country to country. Interest to children sexually is a pivotal motivation to sexual offense to children even though this is not the only cause. When men ask consent from post pubertal adolescents who are under the legal age, he engage in criminal behavior. This individuals are unlikely to be pedophilias. This is contrary to the cultural and temporal relativity. It dictates the age of consent and the objectives of the events should be reproduction. This is viewed as a sexual maladaptive Da rwinian perspective as the mating choice are incapable of giving birth. Pedophilia which is sexual orientation and can be heterosexual or homosexual in nature, it appears/emerges during the early life of the individual and it appears to be stable across all the lifespan. Whether to be heterosexual or homosexual (the orientation) onset is usually in puberty and this is often described as a process of discovery (McClintock Herdt, 2006 pp. 183-190; Quinsey, 2003). They discover their sexual interests in children in adolescents (Abel et al., 2007). In a study by (Marshall, Barberee and Eccles, 2006 pp. 323-336). The sample was 129 sexual offenders majorly to children. 41% was on boys who were unrelated. 35% was on girls who were unrelated and 10% was on related/incent. They reported to have this deviant behavior/sexual fantasies before the ages of 20. A quarter of the sample reported to have heard the sexual fantasies prior the sexual offense. Some were noted to have been concealing the onset of the fantasies. Freund and Kuban, (2006) in a study of 106 indi vidual who were sexual offenders, 76 of them admitted to have been having sexual interests in young children in their adolescent. They also discovered that many of the sex offenders they did study on were curious on seeing children nude. Explanation of pedophilia includes Finkerhors (2004) the preconditioning models. The Quadripartite model (Hall Hirschmans 2012), the integrated model (Marshall Barbaree, 2006). Ward and Siegert, (2010) pathways models. This are critiqued by Seto, (2005), Ward, Poloschek and Beech (2006). Different investigators have come up with proposals that masturbatory conditioning as a form of learning plays a major role in the development of pedophilia Laws Marshall, (2006, pp. 209-230); McGuire, Carlisle, Young, (2005, pp. 183-190). Majority of the people experiences their initial sexual experiences in their childhood as the play with other children. This is usually a normative play that is sexual. In some individuals they pair this physical cues; androgynous shapes, small body sizes, absence of the secondary development of the sexual characteristics with the sexual pleasures that were aroused initially by their playmates. They learn to associate this cues with very strong and powerful orgasms as a reinforcement through several series of masturbation using the childhood memories of the sexual pleasures. There are others who have the same exciting sexual memories of their childhood ages but they do not have sex with prepubescent children. Pedophilias are blocked in their shift in the age preference. This suggests that some individuals are affected by this learning process. Most of the children predisposed to this condition are usually those who have poor parent-child attachment. They experiences neglect abuse, they have a high sex drive and they are aggressive, Ward et al, (2006). Through this study it does not explain if learning brings about pedophilia all it does is explain t he impacts of conditioning in the sexual arousal patterns. Aversion conditioning can be used in correcting this sexual. To suppress the sexual arousal to the sexual stimuli to children. The masturbatory reconditioning are used so as to enhance sexual arousal towards adult as the stimuli. With this it is clear that behavioral methods can be used in sexual offenders and change them. It is clear that sexual offenders who are pedophilic have a past sexual history of abuse as children this is in comparison with other se offenders. Those sex offenders who reports to have been sexually abused are more likely to confess their sexual arousals by children and the arousal is greater than that of those sexual offenders with no abuse history Becker, Kaplan, Hunter, (2006); Worling, (2005). There is an association of childhood sexual abuse and pedophilia Jackson, Pattison Ward, (2012). Lee et al, (2007, pp. 73-92) did a comparative study between 64 adult sexual offenders and 33 nonviolent offenders. The results were that childhood emotional abuse did cut across all the paraphilia and sexual abuse was specifically for pedophilia. Brain abnormalities have been suspected to be the cause of pedophilias. Late in the 19th century, Krafft-Ebing did an autopsy of a homicidal pedophilic brain. He observed morbid changes in the frontal lobes. This changes were in the 1st and 2nd temporal convulsion, parts of occipital convolutions. In other case studies it has been seen that injuries on the brain causes pedophilic sexual behaviors; collections of childhood pornography is part of brain injury Burns Swerdlow (2003). A male patient at 40 years, who was pedophilia lost his interest in children when his right orbital-frontal tumor was removed. The orbital frontal region is a behavioral inhibition area. Hucker et al., (2006) a research done shows that sexual offenders have lower intelligence than all the other offenders. Blanchard et al, (2001) reports that pedophilic sexual offenders have a history of brain injury by the age of thirteen years. This is an interesting window as it is the age where they develop sexual prefer ences. The early adolescents. This is the time sexual orientation and interests develops. This neural development disorder could be during the prenatal years. Cantor and colleagues, (2006) did a comparison on the magnetic resonance images of 65 and 63 pedophilic and non-pedophilic individuals respectively. They revealed that pedophilic have a significantly difference in their white gray matter. Specifically in their association tracts, superior occipital-frontal fasciculus. This tracts connects the occipital and the frontal regions that are used in implications of visual stimulus in the sexual nature. With no doubt pedophilia is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Sri Lanka legal issues on child sexual offences Sexual abuse in Sri Lanka is appearing to be one of the major issues in Sri Lanka. The current number of complaints filed and reported by The National Child Protection Authority as per the report given in July 2016 was; procuring to beg, 31 cases. Cruelty to children 158 cases. Sexual harassment 75 cases, rape 34 cases. Grave sexual abuse 4 cases. Neglect of children 75 cases. The government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) agrees that quality of the childhood has a very big influence on development of a person. It therefore rafted and signed the national child protection policy in 1991. It stipulated that children opt to be respected as they are the young generation. The main aim of the policy is to ensure coordination in all organizations that works towards protecting the children and the development of the children. It ensures that it strengths the resilience of the children and increases their capacity so as to resist abuse by formulating laws and policies. By then there was little awareness of the issues that were related to abuse of children especially sexual abuse. GoSL over ensuring time/period took corrective measures/actions to have the children protected better. This was a follow-up to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) 1989. The National Child Protection Authority (NCPA) established by ACT No.50 in 1998. It is the principal Authority in children protection and promoting children rights. It was also given the mandate to formulate national policies for children protection. Policies for prevention of children abuse and policies for the treatment of those children who fall victims. One of the main guideline principles in the GoSL policy involves protecting the children against any form of abuse, exploitation or/and harm. In 2016 the present of Indonesia, Joko Widodo signed a decree to authorize chemical castration on those convicted to be children sex offenders and those released they are made to wear electronic monitors devices. Cited works Marshall, L., Laws, D., Howard, E., (2013). Sexual assault: issues, theories and treatment of the offender. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=enlr=id=lkf2BwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA3dq=Sexual+Deviance:+Theory,+Assessment,+and+Treatmentots=Kd862LoNO8sig=BJPleWSLl4lo8NPzSL3V_qvJsFcredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=Sexual%20Deviance%3A%20Theory%2C%20Assessment%2C%20and%20Treatmentf=false Laws, R., William, T., ODonohue. (2008) sexual deviance; theories, assessment, and treatment. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=enlr=id=yIXG9FuqbaICoi=fndpg=PA164dq=theories+associated+with+pedophiliaots=Eknk6k0mYDsig=eNedv4RMHh4cMT5PoiGBwlWJw0Mredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=theories%20associated%20with%20pedophiliaf=false Blanchard, R., et al., (2002). Retrospective self-report of childhood accidents causes unconsciousness in phallometrically diagnosed pedophiles. Archives of sexual behaviors. Ed 52, pg. 511-526 retrieved from; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020659331965 Bradford, J., Boulet, J., Pawlak, A., (2005). The pedophilias. A multiplicity of deviants behaviors. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Ed, 43, pg. 104-108 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1079063215618375 Krafft-Ebing, R., (1998). Psychopathia sexualis. 20th edition, original work published in 1886. https://archive.org/details/PsychopathiaSexualis1000006945 Lalumiere, M., Earls, C., (2005) Voluntary control of penile responses as a function of stimulus duration and instructions. Behavior assessment. Ed, 32, pg. 121-132 Lalumiere, M., Quisey, V., (2005). Pavlonian conditioning of the sexual interests of human males. Archives of sexual behavior. Ed 40, pg. 241-252 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wc177zt Lalumiere, M., Seto, M., Jespersen, (2005). The link between childhood sexual abuse and sexual offending: American Psychology. Langevin, R., Wortman, G., Wright, P., (1991). Neuropsychological impairment in incest offenders. Annuals of sex researchers. Vol 20. Pg. 163-179 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/107906328800100304 Laws, D., Marshall, W., (2000). A conditioning theory of the etiology and maintenance of deviant sexual preference and behavior. Handbook of sexual assault issues, theories and treatment of the offenders. Edition 30. Pg. 209-230. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9780306432729 Lee, J., Jackson, H., Pattison, P., Ward, T., (2012), Developmental risk factors for sexual offending, child abuse and neglect. Vol. 26, pg. 73-92 https://www.sop.org.tw/publication/Upload_files/26_2/05.pdf Marshall, W., Barbaree, Eccles, A., (2008). Early onset and deviant sexuality in child molesters. Journal of interpersonal violence, Ed, 25, pg. 323-336 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Marshall, W., Barbaree, H., (2006). An integrated theory of the etiology of sexual offending. Handbook of sexual assault issues, theories and treatment of the offenders. Ed 30, pg. 257-275 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 McClintock, M., Herdt, G., (2006). Rethinking Puberty. The development of sexual attraction current directions on psychological sciences. Ed 24, pg. 178-183 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797613478618 McGuire, R., Carlisle, J., Young, B., (2005). Sexual deviation as conditioned behavior: A hypothesis Behavior Research and therapy, Ed 2, pg. 183-190 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14253217 Seto, M., (2006). Precisely defining Pedophilia. Archives of sexual behavior, Ed, 40. Pg. 498-499. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M., (2003). Pedophilia and sexual offences involving children. Annual reviews of sexual research, ed. 15, pg. 321-361. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6